The Health Workforce Analysis Guide, 2016 Edition was developed to provide an updated framework for health workforce planners, policymakers, and researchers interested in developing a better understanding of available health workforce data and how to use these data to conduct health workforce research. The guide covers a wide array of topics, including basic health workforce research terminology and methods and special challenges associated with conducting health workforce research. The guide also provides examples of research that aim to clarify key workforce-related concepts, methods, data interpretations, and policy challenges.